Halliburton Essay Example for Free

Halliburton Essay One of the most important functions for any organization to succeed in any particular direction is planning. Planning is an activity that enables companies and their employees to understand the company’s purpose and its strategic direction so that they can align themselves to it. This paper will discuss the importance of planning at Halliburton Company and analyze the extent to which it impacts the legal, ethical and CSR issues in the organization. Furthermore, it will discuss three factors that have an influence on the company’s strategic, tactical, operational and contingency planning. Halliburton Company was established in 1919 in Houston, Texas with a second headquarter in Dubai, UAE. Currently employing over 50,000 people, it is a huge multinational and global leader in the energy services sector operating in more than 70 countries. Using its technological edge in its operations and assistance from its world-class human resource, Halliburton has demonstrated outstanding growth and development in the energy sector over the past several decades. Its focus on innovation dates back to its early years when its founder, Erle P. Halliburton initiated his oil well cementing business by building a wooden mixing box only by hiring a wagon, a team of mules and a pump in Oklahoma. Careful planning and effective strategies have enabled Halliburton to remain as the market leader in the energy sector for almost a century now. Its planning strategies are comprehensive, focused on global changes and follow the â€Å"Think globally, act locally† theme. Halliburton management realizes the fact that for global survival it is essential to adopt different methodologies in different countries. For this purpose, it operates from 2 headquarters – Texas, the oil hub of the West and Dubai, the trading hub of Asia and Europe. â€Å"The number one priority of Halliburton is to provide competitive, safe and superior quality products and services†. Halliburton management maintains that in order to ensure business continuity they must explore the unexplored parts of the world for newer energy reserves bringing in environmental concerns. Thus, there are several instances when Corporate Social Responsibility and other issues have an impact on the planning of Halliburton and its strategy planning. There are often differences in the legal framework of different countries, for example, the British and American laws pertaining to environmental exploration have different clauses. This results in differences in the local planning of future steps to be taken by Halliburton in maintaining its market position and extending its operations. Ethics also play a key role in shaping up its policies and plans for the future. Environmental concerns, consideration for animal and plant wildlife are some of the factors the Halliburton management takes into account when planning its activities. For example, if oil exploration in the Sahara will result in extinction of the sub-Saharan tigers living in the region, the company will develop an alternative plan. Global companies as large as Halliburton have to manage their activities and operations collaboratively; sometimes the ethical and legal frameworks of adjacent countries can render certain actions legal in one nation and illegal in another nation. Thus corporate planning is a very extensive process at Halliburton which involves considerable amount of consideration given to regional subsidies of the company. Though corporate social responsibility and legal issues dominate the effect on the planning activities of Halliburton, ethical considerations also sometimes require plans to be modified. For example, Halliburton’s operations in Saudi Arabia have to be controlled differently than its operations in the US. The ethics standards and beliefs in the two countries are different and regulate different practices. For instance, daytime operations during the fasting season where the temperature is very high is not restricted by law. Even the workers may be willing to work, but ethics and moral standards suggest that Halliburton operations should be continued at night during those days. There are several factors which affect the course of action of companies. Often we see changes in the stock market leading to important strategic planning changes in companies. However, most of these are short-term plans and do not affect the vision of the company by a significant degree. Some of the most important factors which have a contribution towards the company’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning are as follows: Potential Energy Reserves: Halliburton thrives on its energy reserves and constant exploration of newer energy sites. Its strategic and international planning is based upon the potential energy reserves of a region. A region where there are high energy reserves would naturally be an area for long-term planning for Halliburton management while a exit strategy may be prepared for a dried up site in Japan. Its strategy is the key to business continuity and profits and thus takes into account the future business that can be generated from a particular region. Taxation and Corporate Laws: The reason why Nevada is the registered as the corporate head office of thousands of companies is because of its tax-friendly laws. Halliburton’s expansion and acquisition strategies are dependent on the corporate taxation and regulations that are enforceable in a particular state or country. These laws influence to a great degree the company’s operational and contingency panning as well. Avoiding over-taxation requires careful hindsight in operational and acquisition activities. Companies like Halliburton need to have effective planning strategies in order to save huge amounts in taxation and legal fees. Culture: The culture of Texas may be very oil-friendly however, that may not be the case in Brazil. The differences in culture, customs and therefore the code of ethics is important for Halliburton to realize and respect. Companies not caring about these factors often face problems in the long-term. Nike could not stop the sweatshop crisis news from coming into the media which caused hundreds of thousands of dollars loss to the company and several protests were lodged against the company till it finally winded up its operations. Halliburton’s planning should take into account the resident cultural practices and base its plan according to them – violation of local culture is often taken very strongly by the people and is revoked at some point or the other.

Twelfth Night Essays: Learning About Love :: Twelfth Night essays

  Ã‚   In Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, it is clearly evident that the fluctuation in attitude in the dual role, situation and tribulations imposed upon the character of Viola/Cesario gives rise to a better understanding of both sexes, and thus, allows Viola to have a better understanding for Orsino. Through the love of Orsino and Olivia, Viola learns the difficulties of love from both standpoints, man and woman's. Near the opening of the play, when Viola is adopting her male identity, she creates another self like two masks and may decide to wear one or the other while swinging between the two identities in emotion and in character. She decides to take on this identity because she has more freedom in society in her Cesario mask, which is evident when she is readily accepted by Orsino, whereas, in her female identity she would not be. Thus, a customary role in society and to the outlooks of others is portrayed. Orsino sees Cesario, as a young squire just starting out in the world, much like himself as a young, spry lad, so he has a tendency to be more willing to unload onto her his troubles and sorrows, seeking a companion with which to share and to teach. Thus, Viola grows in her male disguise to get a better feeling for his inner self, not the self that he shows to the public, or would reveal and share with Viola in her true female self, but rather his secret self, as he believes he shares wi th a peer. So, she grows to love him.    But, Orsino's motivation is actually not love for Viola, but rather he seems to be in love with love itself. His entire world is filled with love but he knows that there might be a turning point for him, like when he says: "If music be the food of love, play on; give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, the appetite may sicken, and so die" (I, i, 1-3). This quote shows that he knows that he is so caught up in "love," that he hopes his appetite for love may simmer when he takes more than he can handle.    Near the end of the play, when all tricks and treacheries are revealed and all masks are lifted, Orsino "falls" in love with Viola. He first forgives her of her duty to him, the master; then says that she shall now be her master's mistress.

Polysemy

Polysemy Polysemy comes from Neo-Latin polysemia, which comes from Greek polusemous [poly- (many) + sema (sign)] giving us a linguistic term, â€Å"having many meanings† or multiple meanings. Most of lex. items in English are polysemantic. Ex. : – family – She lost both of her parents. – parent – Envy is the parent of all evils. My family comes from Scotland. The cat family includes lions & tigers. ( ) A family of languages, etc. There are monosemantic words: Ex. : a lorry, a loudspeaker Different meanings of one & the same word are closely interrelated.Polysemy is a result of: 1. Shifts in application ( ? ) Ex. : adj. red: red ink (is really red), red hair, red deer, red cabbage, red Indian 2. Specialization: Ex. : partner Basic meaning; a type of relationship between 2 or more people. – business partner – marriage partner – partner in crime 3. Metaphorical extension (a fundamental feature of any language) Ex. : leaf of a tree – leaf of a book, hands of a person – hands of a clock Polysemy has been complicated by the tendency of words to pick up the meanings from other dialects, languages & slang. Ex. : executiveBrE – one who acts under the direction of somebody – AmE – a manager now: AmE meaning is more widely used. New & old meanings become interrelated, form a hierarchy. They have some common semantic features, which preserve the integrity of the word. First, we have count/mass alternations for nouns, which can serve several functions: (13) Animal/meat: a. The lamb is running in the field. b. John ate lamb for breakfast. (14) Object/Stuff an object is made up: a. There is an apple on the table. b. There is apple in the salad. (15) Stuff/Kind: a. There was cheese on the table. b. Three cheeses were served. 16) Stuff/Portions: a. The restaurant served beer, and so b. we ordered three beers. Plant/food alternation: (17) a. Mary watered the fig in the garden. b. Mary ate the fig. We have alternations between containers and contained: (18) a. Mary broke the bottle. b. The baby finished the bottle. Figure/Ground reversal: (19) a. The window is rotting. b. Mary crawled through the window. Product/producer alternation, e. g. newspaper, Honda: (20) a. The newspaper fired its editor. b. John spilled coffee on the newspaper. Process/result alternation: (21) a. The company’s merger with Honda will begin next fall. b.The merger will lead to the production of more cars. Alternations involving location: (22) Building/institution, e. g. university, bank (see above) (23) Place/people: a. John traveled to New York. b. New York kicked the mayer out of office. (24) Capital/government, e. g. Washington accused Havana not to do enough for the victims. Being able to distinguish between polysemy words and homonym words is not easy. Dictionaries treat cases of multiple meanings either as polysemy or as homonymy, but in fact it is not always easy to decide which one we are dealing with, and dictionaries sometimes differ in their decisions.Are â€Å"table† (furniture) and â€Å"table† (arrangement of data) two different words, or the same word with two meanings? Dictionaries usually go for the latter solution, on the grounds of a shared etymology. On the other hand, â€Å"a pupil† (in school) and the â€Å"pupil† (of the eye) are usually listed as different words; although in fact they have the same historical origin. And contrast this with the following cases of meaning variation, which illustrate polysemy: (6) a. The bank raised its interest rates yesterday. b. The store is next to the newly constructed bank. c.The bank appeared first in Italy in the Renaissance. (7) a. John crawled through the window. b. The window is closed. c. The window is made of security glass. (8) a. The farm will fail unless the drought ends soon. b. It is difficult to farm this land. (9) a. The store is open. b. The thief tried to open the door. There are two important differences: 1. First, it is immediately obvious to speakers that the meanings of a polysemous expression are related to each other. This is typically not the case for homophonous expressions, even though they may be historically related as well (cf. ome of the examples above). 2. Second, polysemy is regular. For example, we find the three meanings illustrated with bank in (6) (specific institution, building that houses the institution, and the type of the institution) with university as well. Similarly, we find the three meanings of window illustrated in (7) (path, opening, and concrete object that can close an opening) with door. Polysemy is rarely a problem for communication among people. We are so adept at using contextual cues, that we select appropriate senses of words effortlessly and uncounsiously.The sheer number of senses listed by some sources as being available to us usually comes as a surprise: out of approximately 60000 entries in webs ter’s seventh dictionary 21488 or almost 40 % have two or more senses. Moreover the most commonly used words tend to be polysemious. The verb run, for example, has 29 senses in webster's furter divided into nearly 125 subsenses. These systematic aspects make polysemy an important field of study of synchronic and generative linguistics. Polysemy is a pivotal concept within disciplines such as media studies and linguistics.

Child Abuse And Neglect Experiences - 3559 Words

Summary of Plot There are a variety of films that entail child abuse and neglect experiences. The film â€Å"Precious† is a great example of someone experiencing abuse and neglect. It focuses on the life of an African American female named Precious whose life involves various types of abuse. Precious is a young, overweight, African American female living with her abusive mother who does nothing but watch television and collect welfare through fraud. Precious is also a young teen mother to two children who were conceived through rape by her biological father. Due to being sexually abused by her biological father, Precious’ mother resented her and blamed for the sexual abuse, which resulted in her becoming physically and verbally abusive towards Precious. She has never had a support system aside from her mother, who has lived to belittle and abuse her. Precious is an illiterate sixteen-year-old who had difficulties in school, thus resulting in her being referred to atten d an alternative school. However, her mother believed that having an education was not important and wanted Precious to focus on collecting welfare in order to bring more money into their home. Due to the various types of abuse she had experienced, Precious had an extremely low self-esteem. However, while attending the alternative school she began gaining some confidence and believing in herself and thinking about her future plans in order to have a better life for herself and her two children. Throughout theShow MoreRelatedChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children Essay1276 Words   |  6 Pages Child Abuse and Neglect Tracy Vargas Arizona State University Child Abuse and Neglect In 2002 child protective service (CPS) agencies investigated more than 2.6 million reports of alleged child abuse and neglect (Harder, 2005, p. 1). 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